Working and Poor Essay -- essays research papers

It’s difficult to imagine how some people hold multiple jobs to support their family and still live below the poverty line. The saying â€Å"the rich gets richer and the poor get poorer† has never been so evident in today’s society. With a growing percentage of people living below the poverty line, one has to question the government policies enacted to elevate the living standings for its people. Government policies great influence the everyday life of its people. It is difficult to enact common ground policies to satisfy the entire public since not everyone is on same financial level. Strategic plans should be sought out to ensure effectiveness to its targeted group by considering all the interests of the stakeholders and the impact that will affect these stakeholder groups. According to the free market theory, the government ultimately has the social responsibility to its public. The important task the government must face is to maximize the benefit at a minimized cost. It must approve and implement laws that benefit overall society while adhering strictly to its budget constraints. The underlying concept of the â€Å"good will prevail† is also prevalent in its policy effectiveness. Good implementations to benefit society will stay and the benefit will multiply with time. Bad policies will be questioned, debated, and eventually thrown out. The invisible hand will always bring the market back to equilibrium. The issues on employment greatly reflect a utilitarian view. Utilitarianism is often used to determine the conflict of interest. Often times the employer and the employees will encounter conflict of interests. Which side will ultimately come out on top depends on which side is perceived as the greatest and whether it will generate the greatest bottom line value or the greatest societal gain. The conflict of interest is utterly apparent in a layoff, where the employers are doing so to maximize profit and minimize cost by outsourcing all of its jobs overseas. The stakeholder, employees, suffers greatly from such an act. Utilitarianism often stresses the importance of increased productivity and profit, and reducing cost while improving quality. Many people lose sight of the true benefit or damage in the long run. The only consideration was the short term gain and profit. It is not surprising that families living under the poverty line often hold some of the mo... ...ic’s living conditions, while the general public has duties to cooperate and carry out functions to ensure the success of these policies. Universal moral norms such as honesty, fairness, compassion, integrity, etc., are often expected between the stakeholders. The government and the companies must assess environmental scanning and fully evaluate issues management to ensure the public and its employees are protected, while the policy serves its underlying purpose. It is a depressing realization that some people work very hard to support those around them and never get the benefits they deserve. Tax, education, and health care policies are often working against those who are less unfortunate. It is apparent that the poor keep on trailing further and further behind. It’s not surprising to learn that the policies enacted today haven’t proven as effective as originally intended. Everyday is a learning process and ongoing improvements must be made, especially in this fast paced, ever-changing environment. Poverty will never be eradicated, but with thorough analysis and evaluation, the overall living standard can be improved for many who are counting on the government to help them.

Describe Your Learning Style

Running head: How Do I Learn Best How Do I Learn Best Kelli Powell Grand Canyon University: NRS 429V September 30, 2012 What is a learning style? Well a learning style is the way a person tends to learn best. It involves your preferred method of taking in, organizing, and making sense of information, Lake Washington Institute of Technology (2012). Some people prefer to learn by doing and touching, others prefer to learn by seeing, or by hearing the information. Still others learn using more than one learning style.If a person was interested in finding out what their particular learning style is would be to take the VARK questionnaire for learning styles. The most common learning style is the multimodal, but the learner can switch from one type of learning style to another depending on what the subject is being learned and or their mood, Fleming (2011). After taking the VARK questionnaire, Multimodal learning styles was assessed as the learning style of choice. The multimodal learning environments allow instructional elements to be presented in more than one sensory mode (visual, aural, written, and kinesthetic), Sankey, Birch & Gardiner (2010).In this particular case visual and kinesthetic were the dominate methods of learning. Strategies of learning that this person uses are highlighting and underlining notes, grouping subjects together with a certain color highlighter, use of charts, graphs and images to help them learn the subject matter. They would also make graphs or note cards with the information placed in sequenced that they can take with them, listen to music while studying and try to make the material personal to them and others that they know.They would also break their study time up into smaller sections so that it would not seem so overwhelming. As a multimodal learner they would be very adaptable to the different learning styles as they could adapt more easily to different situations and learning environments. For example if their instructor w as only doing a verbal lecture an auditory learner may want to sit towards the front of the room away from windows and doors so that there was less distractions.As a visual learner they would try to take notes during the lecture, would color code their notes, and pay attention to any visual aids that were being used. Where a kinesthetic learner would ask questions and participate in discussions, take a laptop for notes so that they are doing something actively with their hands during lectures, consider taking a three hour class versus one three hour class, Student Development Centre (2009). As a multimodal learner, it is easier to learn when doing more than just reading a textbook as it harder to understand than when doing something that is interactive.As a multimodal learner some adjustments that they would need to make in their study habits would be to not to try and do the assignment all at the end of the week. By starting at the beginning of the week they would be able to break the assignment down into smaller sections so that it would not seem so overwhelming when typing a paper. Other changes that they would need to make would be finding an area and time to study where there were fewer interruptions. The use of more visual aids, for example outline of topic in chart or diagram format.This would help them keep track of where things fit together in their subjects and projects. The major benefit of having a multimodal learning style is that it â€Å"allows students to experience learning in ways in which they are most comfortable, while challenging them to experience and learn in other ways as well†. Someone who is a multimodal learner, that learners on more than one level tends to have a deeper processing of the information, maintains their attention span longer, making the information easier to understand and remember. Sankey, Birch & Gardiner (2010).The VARK Questionnaire Results My scores were: * Visual: 11 * Aural: 6 * Read/Write: 9 * Kinest hetic: 11| | You have a multimodal (VRK) learning preferenceReference Lake Washington Institute of Technology, Learning Styles: Why do They Matter? , Retrieved from http://www. lwtech. edu/trio on September 26, 2012 Sankey, M. , Birch, D. & Gardiner, M. (2010) Engaging students through multimodal learning environments: The journey continues. In C. H. Steel, M. J. Keppell, P. Gerbic S. Hopusego (Eds. ), Cirriculum, technology transformation for   an unknow future. Proceedings ascilite Sydney 2010 (pp. 852-863). http://ascilite. org/au/conferences/sydney10/procs/Sankey-full. pdf Student Development Centre, The University of Western Ontario (2009), Learning Skills Services, Handouts & Advice, Learning Styles & Preferences, Retrieved from www. sdc. uwo. ca/learning/index/html? styles on September 29, 2012 Fleming, N. D. , (2011), VARK: A Review of Those Who Are Multimodal, Retrieved from http://www. vark-learning. com/english/page_content/multimodality. htm on September 23 , 2012

Accounting Analysis Essay

Michael Burton has recently been hired as the CEO of Tesca Works, Inc. Previously he had been the marketing manager for a large manufacturing company and had established a reputation for identifying new consumer trends. Tesca Works Inc. is a California-based generator manufacturing company. The company is well known for manufacturing large, heavy-duty generators at a reasonable cost. One of its greatest achievements is that its generators can be easily modified or customized for different applications. Also, Tesca Works currently builds commercial appliances. The company is considering an expansion of its current product line to include refrigerator and maybe, sometime in the future, consumer appliances. Mr. Burton feels that due to high energy prices, consumers will be more willing to consider purchasing new efficient appliances. See more: Beowulf essay essay Tesca Works Inc. is a California-based generator manufacturing company. The company is well known for its innovation and ability to produce high quality products at a reasonable cost. One of its greatest achievements is that its manufacturing processes are adaptable to other durable goods. Also, Tesca Works currently builds commercial appliances. Profile of Tesca Works Tesca Works, Inc. was established by the Smith brothers in 1880 as the Logging Saw Company. The firm started manufacturing large steam saws to serve the logging industry which processed lumber. Their customers were construction companies that provided housing for the population increase in California. The Smith brothers quickly realized that the times were changing. They started looking for the technologies that would keep them at the forefront of their field of business. In 1915, the Smith brothers decided that they needed to make generators as replacements for the saws. They realized that the logging industry was not viable anymore and that generators were starting to serve the same purpose. The company started making generators in the early 1940’s. Tesca Works then opted to produce commercial appliances. It was an easy decision to make since the commercial appliances would use common parts with the company’s generators and the customers were local hospitals, schools, and governments. Starting in the 1950’s the commercial appliances business accounted for about 50% of Tesca Works’ revenues. The Refrigerator Mr. Burton arranged a meeting with the firm’s top management and the chief design and the chief manufacturing engineers to propose a new product. Mr. Burton presented an argument that more individuals in the United State and Canada would be willing to purchase newer appliances because people are becoming more environmentally conscious. The new appliances are more efficient and environmentally friendly. Also, the recent increase in electricity costs seems to be long lasting. This is an opportunity to get people hooked on environmentally friendly appliances as he put it. The proposal under consideration is for the introduction of a new, energy star refrigerator. To distinguish Tesca Works from other manufacturers, the proposal included details about the convenience, large shelves in the doors, high volume water and ice dispensers, efficiency, and quietness of operation that need to be developed. Mr. Phillips and Mr. Lopez, the two engineers, enthusiastically and quickly pointed out that the needed technology could be based on the company’s generators. The framework currently used for building the generators can be modified to work for appliances at a low cost. The marketing vice president, Mr. Chen, pointed out that the marketing analysis could be done quickly and at a reasonable cost. At this point, Mr. Burton charged the participants in the meeting to produce a financial plan for the development and production of the refrigerator. Consumer Appliances Most people purchase appliances and keep them for a very long time or until they stop working. Some get them when they purchase a home and do not think about them. Recently, most power companies started educating people about the efficiency of new appliances and began offering rebates on the most efficient consumer models. These approaches increased public interest. This renewed the public’s interest in low power-consuming appliances. The Decision Three weeks later, the vice presidents presented the sales and cost forecasts shown in the exhibits. The information presented contains the cost of production, financing information, and warranty cost estimates. In addition, there were two options for the compressor in the refrigerators. The MC – 004 is more expensive to install, but has a lower warranty cost. The TS – L12 is cheaper to install, but has a higher warranty cost. Which compressor should be used?

Free Essays on Identity And Social Structure (Reflective Essay)

Reflective Essay: Identity and Social Structure Throughout the semester, we have examined the complex relationship between a person’s identity and his or her social experience. This relationship is not easily defined, and I believe that the extent to which its two components (identity and social structure) are influenced by each other differs from culture to culture, and furthermore, from individual to individual. The questions which we are to address in this essay, therefore, have no clear-cut answers, so the most that this paper can hope to do is to present the insights that I have gleaned from this class, in light of the background information I had prior to the class. Essentially, I believe that society defines the type of experiences a person has, and that those experiences, in turn, play the most important part in shaping identity and/or personality. Every individual lives within a society of some description, and in order to survive, (let alone succeed) in their society, a person must operate within societal parameters. As we have learned, society is the result of economic condition, political situation, and (perhaps most importantly) the discourse generated and propagated by its people. Each human society has all of these components, but the nature of the components varies; as I have said, every society has a unique set of parameters. Goffman has pointed out that humans are highly adaptive to various social situations. In order for an individual to choose how (s)he will function in a given situation (in Goffman’s terminology, the â€Å"mask† (s)he will wear), (s)he must draw on the discourse present in their society. Not only does discourse define the various â€Å"masks† available to a person within their social context, it also allows a person to gauge how best to react to the â€Å"masks† of those with whom (s)he comes into contact. â€Å"Masks,† it would seem,... Free Essays on Identity And Social Structure (Reflective Essay) Free Essays on Identity And Social Structure (Reflective Essay) Reflective Essay: Identity and Social Structure Throughout the semester, we have examined the complex relationship between a person’s identity and his or her social experience. This relationship is not easily defined, and I believe that the extent to which its two components (identity and social structure) are influenced by each other differs from culture to culture, and furthermore, from individual to individual. The questions which we are to address in this essay, therefore, have no clear-cut answers, so the most that this paper can hope to do is to present the insights that I have gleaned from this class, in light of the background information I had prior to the class. Essentially, I believe that society defines the type of experiences a person has, and that those experiences, in turn, play the most important part in shaping identity and/or personality. Every individual lives within a society of some description, and in order to survive, (let alone succeed) in their society, a person must operate within societal parameters. As we have learned, society is the result of economic condition, political situation, and (perhaps most importantly) the discourse generated and propagated by its people. Each human society has all of these components, but the nature of the components varies; as I have said, every society has a unique set of parameters. Goffman has pointed out that humans are highly adaptive to various social situations. In order for an individual to choose how (s)he will function in a given situation (in Goffman’s terminology, the â€Å"mask† (s)he will wear), (s)he must draw on the discourse present in their society. Not only does discourse define the various â€Å"masks† available to a person within their social context, it also allows a person to gauge how best to react to the â€Å"masks† of those with whom (s)he comes into contact. â€Å"Masks,† it would seem,...

PG, McDonalds and KFC Companies in the Saudi Arabian Market

PG, McDonalds and KFC Companies in the Saudi Arabian Market Management differs from one organization to another due to the differences in size and income. Multinationals, SMEs, and global organizations have different styles of management since they deal with different cultures, employees, and clients in various areas of investment.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on PG, McDonalds and KFC Companies in the Saudi Arabian Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At the global and multinational level, an organization has to adjust to international management standards in order to be successful in business. Organizations like McDonalds, KFC, and PG operate at global and multinational levels and this forces them to promote international human resource and ethics management (Shankar 12). The purpose of this discussion is to analyze the position of PG, McDonalds, and KFC in the Saudi Arabian market. PG’s Foreign Investment in Saudi Arabia PG is a multinational organization wit h branches in most parts of the world. Initially, it avoided Saudi Arabia due to the stringent business rules that the government had set on people. After opening up the market to the rest of the world, many organizations, including PG, showed interest in Saudi Arabia. PG chose Saudi Arabia since the country is a key business hub for the Middle East. Many people associate with Saudi Arabia when conducting oil deals, and they would probably take interest in other industries like PG operating in the country. Secondly, PG considered the availability of raw materials for its products.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Saudi Arabia has affordable materials extracted from crude oil to make candles, soap, and other products that PG manufactures. Besides availability of affordable labor, ready buyers, and raw materials, PG opted for Saudi Arabia due to the availability of distributors of its products. Abudawood Trading Company Limited is a distributor of PG products and the company formed a joint venture with Proctor and Gamble to increase awareness of PG products in Saudi Arabia (Buckman 24). Finally, Saudi Arabia promotes growth of many organizations in terms of publicity and income generation owing to its huge population. Pepsis Improvement in Saudi Arabia After entering the Saudi Arabian market, Pepsi identified various strategies of survival in the market that the government initially closed to foreign investors. After a conclusive SWOT and PESTEL analysis, Pepsi developed workable measures of remaining relevant in the competitive economy. Pepsi invests in quality marketing, branding, and packaging since its greatest rival Coca-Cola equally provides similar services. In order to be unique, the company introduced Pepsi diet, which has fiber that helps in reducing weight gain, and improving health. Health consciousness is a major concern in Sau di Arabia, which the Muslim religion strongly supports. In Saudi Arabia, Islam deters residents from consuming alcohol or pork, as they consider such foods as unhealthy. The same applies to high calorie content foods and soft drinks that contain high levels of sugar, preservatives, and carbon.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on PG, McDonalds and KFC Companies in the Saudi Arabian Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Pepsi realized such concerns and developed Pepsi diet to increase consumer consciousness about health while enjoying soft drinks. In its adverts, Pepsi uses Saudi locals and celebrities in order to increase consumer association with the products that it manufactures in the country (Cho and Moon 41). Recommendations for KFC in Beating Competitors KFC needs to learn the things that are unique to Saudi Arabians that other countries do not consider in order to provide better services as consumers expect . For instance, KFC should not ignore religion, dressing, language, and etiquette, as they are vital to Saudi residents. KFC has strengths over competitors like Albaik since it has many branches across the world. Albaik has no branches outside Jeddah, which reduces its chances of gaining publicity over KFC. Another strength that KFC needs to capitalize on is the fact that Albaik does not respond to concerns raised over fast foods. KFC equally sells processed fast food, but it serves portions of salads, non-alcoholic wines, fresh juices, and low calorie foods. Albaik does not recognize the significance of changing the styles of manufacturing foods owing to transforming consumer demands. This gives KFC an advantage over rivals in the Saudi Arabian market, which the company needs to recognize. KFC needs to employ many Saudi residents instead of importing workers from the US. Corporate social responsibility is about providing employment opportunities, tax payment, and ability to care fo r the social and geographic environments (Sims 32).Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This will definitely make KFC trustworthy to prospective consumers and will enable it gain competitive advantage over competitors. McDonald Company A multinational company operates in more than one country in terms of establishing different branches across the world. A global company has a single headquarter, but uses technology to respond to consumer needs. In essence, McDonald is a global multinational company headquartered in the US, but with many branches across the world. It has over 34,000 outlets operating in different countries in the world. Moreover, it has franchises in the US and communicates to other clients through social media, its website, and online marketing tactics. This makes it a global company that uses technology to interact with consumers from different parts of the world. McDonald has branches in the US, the UK, parts of Africa, Asia, and Middle East (Pride, Hughes, and Kapoor 84). Physical investment and the ability to learn new cultures by paying for licens es in countries of investment make it a multinational corporation. Companies combine both global and multinational techniques in order to acquire the highest number of consumers willing to purchase products from the company. Being a multinational company is more costly as opposed to being a global company per se (Pride, Hughes, and Kapoor 82). A global company spends limited resources in marketing, tax payment, and shipping. On the other hand, it becomes difficult to develop trustworthy relationships with the target population. Companies and Internationalization Internationalization links SMEs to multinationals making it easy to share information, resources, or even form mergers. PG entered the Saudi Arabian market in 1955, and this expanded its international connections. It merged with Abudawood Trading Company Limited, which expanded its market share in the country. Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) is an example of an organization that benefits from internationalization. It established a strong presence in the Gulf region and Asia even though the corporation does not deal in oil. Saudi Arabian Aramco is another example of an organization that strives to attain international recognition (Shankar 42). These organizations realized that cultural barriers deter effective trade between Saudi Arabia and the international countries. Such corporations deal with foreign countries in Europe and America differently since cultural appreciation is an important element of business management. FDI vs. Portfolio Management Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) refers to the possibility of an enterprise to own 10%+1 of an overseas business investment. On the other hand, portfolio management refers to a company’s investment in its own business. For instance, when PG trades with Abudawood Trading Company Limited, it has investments in a foreign company, Saudi Arabia. FDI Advantages Companies easily develop mutually beneficial relationships with other countries throug h FDI. This enables them to brand position their commodities in the country given that the other company that understands the prevailing market conditions can always market their commodities of the foreign company. Increase in international relations promotes sales, which increases profits for an organization (Pride, Hughes, and Kapoor 61). FDI makes it easy for a foreign organization to understand the political, social, and political environments of the target market before opting to invest in the country completely. Corporations get competitive advantage over rivals that operate independently. FDI is important for the local and foreign companies involved in the agreement. FDI Disadvantages FDI involves interactions between different organizational cultures, which might cause conflicts between the involved organizations. The corporation that owns over 10% of the foreign company’s assets may dominate the group while adding no value to the union. FDI is about risk taking in co mparison to portfolio management that many organizations from advanced countries use. Under portfolio management, people who understand the organizational culture including financial organizations and the government play a role in ensuring that the invested money is safe. Finally, through FDI, it can be difficult to transform some assets into cash when emergencies occur. PG’s FDI in Saudi Arabia Proctor and Gamble realized that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a responsibility and an opportunity at the same time. In essence, while taking an advantage of the investment opportunity, it needed to exercises various precautions. First, PG assessed the environment of investment, which included Saudi Arabian political, social, technological, and economic position. This enabled the company to understand that the negative environmental factors were fewer as opposed to the positive elements. Notably, the study gave PG good reasons to seek a distributor (Shankar 33). Secondly, PG made an individual entry into the new market and assessed all other organizations, but settled on Abudawood Trading Company Limited. This follows its ability to trust the other company after assessing their performance in the market since inception. Additionally, PG officials met with Abudawood Trading Company Limited officials for negotiations. PG trusted Abudawood Trading Company Limited after working with it as a distributor for a long time. During negotiations, PG considered the importance of signing agreements that favor both firms. The greatest element of consideration for PG was sustainability in Saudi Arabia and the possibility of increasing the consumer base. PG considered a growth opportunity in Saudi Arabia, and since Abudawood Trading Company Limited understood clearly the market conditions, it definitely provided the best guidance to PG. Finally, PG looked at diversity, availability of affordable raw materials, availability of human resources, and costs of production (Dunni ng 18). Egypt’s Economic System Closed economic systems normally prevent foreign investors from establishing corporations in their countries. Egypt is the exact difference of a closed system since investors can easily establish brands in Egypt, but the challenge is that nobody cares about investment activities. Political instability and poor trade policies make it difficult to trust Egypt, especially when dealing with FDI cases. Egypt has a laissez faire system in which nobody really controls the economy (Kaplan 74). Studies indicated that it has the unrestricted system in which many government bureaucrats use taxes for personal gain. Many middle class residents pay taxes, but few rich people benefit from such efforts. Egyptians need thorough knowledge on financial management so that they can take control of the economy instead of leaving it to a few bureaucrats. Uncontrolled markets have significant impacts on Egyptians including increase in unemployment rates, increase in t axation, inflation, and increase in national debts. Egypt’s Benefits by Gaining Admission to GCC Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) consists of oil producing countries that invest within the Gulf area, Europe, and Asia. GCC provides rules that govern member states in order to establish high discipline levels. GCC ensures that the involved countries ensure that conflicts within a country do not interfere with trade. This helps in stabilizing the economy even in moments of conflict or inflation. Egypt needs to join GCC in order to acquire the status of other states like Kuwait, UAE, and Saudi Arabia. GCC sets clear standards concerning management of oil reservoirs and companies, and this reduces confusions over ownership of various oil fields. Hazem al-Beblawi, Egypt’s deputy prime minister, displayed interest in the proposal that seeks to incorporate Egypt in GCC. He understands that Egypt needs to interact with countries that will support it with financial information. Suc h levels of empowerment will help the country reduce its budget deficit and promote self-employment in order to reduce the unemployment gap (Kaplan 74). Risks of FDI in Egypt As mentioned earlier, FDI is a risk measure, but a corporation needs to assess the political and socio-economic environments. The past political unrests in Egypt made the country economically unstable. Government bureaucracy and budget deficit in Egypt make companies unstable and a merger with such companies poses a threat to foreign corporations. Companies that apply portfolio management may succeed in their operation. For instance, when inflation occurs, a company can sell its assets quickly and recover the funds (Dunning 47). An unstable economy like Egypt keeps changing and FDI becomes risky since it would be impossible to recover invested funds in another corporation that might be experiencing losses (Kaplan 19). FDI is only possible in closed and capitalist markets that have certain levels of control. The Egyptian economy lacks proper management, thus posing security risks for investment-oriented institutions. Buckman, Greg. Globalization tame it or scrap it?. Dhaka [Bangladesh: University Press ;, 2004. Print. Cho, Tong, and Hwy Moon. From Adam Smith to Michael Porter evolution of competitiveness theory. Singapore: World Scientific Pub., 2001. Print. Dunning, John H.. Multinational enterprises and the global economy. Wokingham, England: Addison-Wesley, 19921993. Print. Kaplan, Leslie C.. Economy and industry in ancient Egypt. New York: PowerKids Press, 2004. Print. Pride, William M., Robert James Hughes, and Jack R. Kapoor. Business. Sixth ed. Mason: South-Western Cengage, 2012. Print. Shankar, Venkatesh. Handbook of marketing strategy. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Pub., 2012. Print. Sims, Ronald R.. Ethics and corporate social responsibility why giants fall. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2003. Print.

A War On Women And Drugs Criminology Essay

A War On Women And Drugs Criminology Essay In 1986 Congress passed mandatory minimum sentencing. Federal mandatory drug sentences take the decision away from the judge and gives sentences based on: 1. The type of drug; 2. The weight or alleged weight of the drug mixture and 3. The number of prior convictions. The rise of women in prison seems to be correlated with US drug laws and policies. Many researchers argue that the war on drugs has directly become a war on women. In 1999, the Bureau of Justice Statistics documented that 1 in 3 women were likely serving time for a drug offense in comparison to 1 in 8 women in 1986. Three reasons often determine the involvement of women in the criminal justice system, the first would be a history of abuse, the second issue is disrupted family and personal relationships and finally the third is drug abuse. Women that end up in prison have usually been abused and/or battered, are economically disadvantaged, have abused drugs, and/or are minorities. Due to the circumstances just mentioned and stricter policies and laws regarding drugs the outcome is a drastic rise in the incarceration of women. If women are seen as victims of circumstance then they are basically adapting to the conditions of their lives and struggling to survive. The status of women in prison reflects their status in society; they are marginalized by racism and sexism. Women in prison have been damaged by the oppression of patriarchy, economic marginalization and the far-reaching effects of such short sighted and detrimental policies as the war on drugs and the over reliance on incarceration, (Owen, 2000). Female Offenders Women have become the new offender in the criminal justice system. Through the years the amount of women incarcerated has greatly risen. In 2000, there were more than 1 million women in the United States in prison, probation or parole, whereas in 1990 there were 600,000 in the same situation. The rise in the incarceration of women can be greatly attributed to US policies and laws o n drugs and drug related crimes. Women are usually minimally involved in drug crimes but are severely punished due to the mandatory minimum laws in place. The war on drugs does not have laws laid out specifically for men and women, the laws are universal and apply equally to both men and women. Drug laws were originally designed for the male criminal and did not take into account the special circumstances in women’s lives. These women that are being punished under the mandatory minimum drug laws are the wives, mothers, daughters, sisters, nieces, granddaughters and girlfriends of many law abiding citizens in society. These women become involved in drug crimes because of their dependence to their significant other, whether it is financially, because of fear or other extenuating circumstance. Women who become victims of mandatory minimum laws are incarcerated and subject to patriarchal sentences because the men in their lives coerced, obliged or scammed them into carrying drugs . Women in jails and prisons are often oppressed and even victimized. There are many race and gender inequalities in the criminal justice system when it comes to addressing women and their needs. Women offenders are more likely to be incarcerated now than they were at any other time in the history of the United States. The legal system has become more willing to prosecute and incarcerate women than at any other time in the history of the United States.

Personal power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal power - Essay Example Their main source of inspiration became the folklores that the afro- Americans wrote. In her novel, Sweat, Huston became the first writer who looked at the most probable ways of undertaking free indirect speech. Huston has used a number of styles to bring out clearly how we feel personal power thus uses interjections to bring out the nature of the main character, who is the protagonist and the use of the voice of narration serves a purpose of triggering the feelings of Delia. For example "After that she was able to build a spiritual earthworks against her husband. His shells could no longer reach her. AMEN" (42). The use of exclamatory sentences and adverb reiteration brought out hope and at the same time brought about a tone of uncertainty. The narrative voice brings out the aspect of leaving aside the objective that the author wanted to put across and instead makes the readers to change their thinking line and start sympathizing with the protagonist, and nevertheless adopt the protagonist point of view. This is one of the aspect of writing that Huston uses to bring out her fiction in a very interesting way. Poetic way of communication is also another way that Huston uses to express the idea of how human beings feel about personal power. Huston uses the poetic use of language to show the speech of the Blacks in a metaphoric manner. For example Delia uses metaphor â€Å"But in the main, I feel like a brown bag of miscellany propped against a wall. Against a wall in company with other bags, white, red and yellow (2).† To define her position in terms of race. The use of metaphor and simile is the greatest contribution of the Black to the field of literature, this is according to the point of view of Huston. The narrator in ‘Sweat’ gives evidence to the fact that the Afro-Americans give interpretation to English instead of speaking it when talking about the marriage life of Delia. The narrator says that Delia